Highlights of Budapest, Vienna, Prague, Krakow & Warsaw in 15 days

Hungarian Parliament

Tour this massive and stunning Gothic Revival–style edifice with a guide.

The Parliament is ostentatious, but undeniably grand and beautiful. A teeming mass of spires, arches, and towers surrounds the central dome, beneath which the royal crown of Hungary lies under armed guard. Tours of the lavish interiors include the crown, parliament chambers, and grand entry hall. Pre-purchasing tickets is recommended as they often sell out well in advance. 

Former Museum of Ethnography

This building once housed the Hungarian Supreme Court and the Ethnographic museum. The museum is relocating to City Park and will open in 2022.

It was the second place winner in the competition to design the Hungarian Parliament. Many believe it is as beautiful at the Parliament, especially it's interiors.

Shoes on the Danube Bank

Reflect at a waterside sculpture of shoes memorializing the victims of fascism who died at this spot.

This moving memorial consists of empty shoes by the riverbank. Near the end of World War II a fascist party took control in Hungary. Jews were lined up along the river bank, forced to step out of their shoes (so they could be collected later), and then machine gunned into the river.

Váci Street (Váci utca)

Walk one of Budapest's main pedestrian thoroughfares, which is very popular with shoppers and tourists.

The street is lined by shops, boutiques, cafés, and restaurants. Many elegant buildings line the street, most dating to the late19th century. Numerous courtyards and passageways branch off from the street. Although touristy, it is an integral part of the city and an interesting place to stroll.

Promenade

Discover why this pedestrian walkway along the Danube River, with it's beautiful views of the river and castle, is a favorite of both locals and visitors alike.

This promenade above the river embankment was the place to see-and-be-seen in 19th century Budapest. Cafes and luxury hotels lined the promenade, taking advantage of stunning views of the castle. They were destroyed in WWII and replaced with large modern hotels, eliminating some of the charm. The view, however, is still incredible.

Central Market Hall

Shop in a huge market hall built in the late 19th century.

This restored neo-gothic Market Hall is a favorite with visitors but also still visited by locals for its outstanding food stands and grocery stalls on the ground floor. On the upper levels, you can shop for souvenirs and traditional Hungarian goods & crafts.   

Matthias Church

Visit this lovely, late-gothic church and learn its storied history.

This 13th century church is named after King Matthius, who was married here twice. Under Turkish occupation it was converted into a Mosque, then reconverted into a baroque church, and finally was splendidly reinvented in the late 1800's by combining historic elements with neo-Gothic reconstruction. It holds the tomb of Béla III, one of Hungary's tallest medieval kings. 

Fisherman's Bastion

Take in stunning panoramic views from this faux fortress with 7 turreted lookout towers.

This fanciful late-19th century creation replaced the original walls where the Fisherman's guild was responsible for town defense. It offers outstanding views of Pest and the river. More photos are taken here than any other place in Budapest. The upper terrace of the bastion offers the best views, but you must pay for entry. 

Palace Courtyard

Discover a beautiful fountain in this courtyard in the center of the castle complex.

The north gate into the courtyard features a raven (the symbol of the famed King Matthias) and the south gate features two lions. In the center of the square is a statue of a cowboy and horse from the Hungarian plains. Most strikingly, an ornate fountain shows King Matthias on a hunt and the peasant girl who fell in love with him.

National Gallery

Experience exquisite Hungarian national art in this museum located in the former Royal Palace.

The museum contains the most important collection of Hungarian art works from the 15th century to the modern day. Exquisite Gothic altarpieces, Károly Lotz's Secession-era paintings, and Mihály Munkácsy's tender realism are only a few of its many highlights. 

Gellért Baths

Go for a swim in one of Budapest's most famous and architecturally significant baths.

These early 19th century Secession-style baths are some of city's most popular. They offer open air baths with a wave pool, a glass-ceilinged indoor pool surrounded by columns, and thermal baths separated by sex. The men's thermal baths feature beautiful mosaic tile. 

Rudas Baths

Enjoy an otherworldly experience in this 16th-century spa complex with traditional Turkish baths.

These nearly 500 year old steam baths date back to the Turkish occupation. It is a fascinating and exotic experience to bathe beneath the stone cupola, with the dim light filtering through colored stained glass. Bathing is co-ed on weekends, women only on Tuesdays, and men only on other days.

Gellért Hill

Hike up this small mountain in the heart of the city for perfect panoramic views.

A walk up this small hill leads to balconies with scenic views of the Danube. With numerous trails criss-crossing it, the park offers a green oasis in the city and has long been a favorite spot for picnics and weekend outings. The walk to the top is somewhat strenuous, but the park can be enjoyed without making it to the top.

St. Stephen's Basilica

Enjoy an awe-inspiring visit to this vast cupola-topped church; the most famous in Budapest.

Completed in 1905, the construction of the neo-classical Catholic church took over 50 years. The mummified hand of Hungary's first king, St. Stephen, is kept in a small chapel in the rear. Take a lift to the dome to enjoy one of Budapest's most interesting panoramic views. The church hosts frequent concerts. 

Széchenyi Chain Bridge

Stroll across a beautiful landmark 19th-century suspension bridge which is a symbol of Budapest.

This was Budapest's first permanent bridge over the Danube, enabling the cities of Buda and Pest to merge. Named after Count István Széchenyi, it hangs from iron chains (hence, the Chain Bridge) anchored by two towering river piers. These piers were the only elements to survive WWII fighting. The rest was rebuilt.

Café Gerbeaud

Enjoy a leisurely coffee and cake in one of Budapest's most storied cafes.

Over 160 years old, with a grand, high-ceilinged dining room, the cafe is deservedly one of Budapest's most popular attractions. It serves coffee, mouthwatering Hungarian pastries, and traditional bistro dishes. It retains the elegance and sophistication of its 19th century origins, and the terrace sits on the lively Vörösmarty Square. 

Gresham Palace

Take a peak at this pearl of art nouveau architecture, which now houses a Four Seasons Hotel.

The hotel doesn't mind tourists exploring the lavish arcade on the first floor, as it is lined by shops and a café. Be sure to note the organic themes of the façade and the beautiful wrought iron peacock gate on the north side of the building.

Heroes' Square

A dramatic square at the end of Adrássy Avenue, displaying statues of the leaders of 7 tribes who founded Hungary.

The vast square was the center of the Millenium celebrations in 1896, which celebrated Hungary's 1,000th anniversary. The Millenium Monument features a central column and two massive colonnades. The column is topped by the Archangel Gabriel, who offered the crown to Hungary's first king, Stephen. Along the base of the column and colonnades are romantic representations of Hungarian historical figures. The two chariots atop the colonnades represent war and peace.

Vajdahunyad Castle

This fantastical castle with a boating lake shows the evolution of Hungarian architecture in its elaborate design.

Built for the 1896 Millenium celebrations as a temporary exhibit, the castle proved so popular that it was rebuilt as a permanent structure. It's divided into sections by architectural style as a demonstration of the historical phases of Hungary. Each section is fashioned after a renowned Hungarian example of that architectural style.

Budapest Zoo

One of Europe's most enjoyable zoos with hundreds of animal species and historic architecture throughout the park.

The Secession style architecture of the buildings is a delight, incorporating animals and natural themes into the structures. Adjacent to the zoo is Holnemvolt Park, which combines animal exhibits with theme park rides. One ticket covers both.

State Opera House

Visit the famous opera house on a guided tour, or better yet, enjoy a world-class performance.

Once the most pre-eminent music hall in the entire Austro-Hungarian Empire, it still dwarfs its surroundings. It was mostly destroyed in bombing during WWII, but the lavish and stunning foyer was encased in a protective structure and saved, and the rest was rebuilt. Just across from the State Opera house is the famous Hotel Sacher, home of the Sachertorte.

Imperial Treasury

See firsthand the treasures collected by Austrian emperors over the last 1,000 years.

The Imperial Treasury is today a museum collection of the secular and religious treasures amassed by the Austrian emporers. You'll see crowns, coronation robes, scepters, bejeweled swords, precious gems, religious relics, and much more. Be sure to get an audio guide.

Spanish Riding School

See an equestrian performance from a world-famous riding school dating back to 1572.

Originally founded in order to train horses for the complicated maneuvers necessary in battle, the riding school today is dedicated to the preservation of classical dressage and the training of the renowned white Lipizzaner stallions. It offers regular demonstrations & shows and is located in the interior of a palace.

Café Central

Dine in an elegant 19th century cafe.

The soaring gothic ceilings and fine cuisine of the Café Central made it the frequent haunt of historic figures such as Freud and Trotsky. Reservations are highly recommended. 

Hofburg Palace

Tour the palaces and courtyards of the massive Hofburg Palace complex.

The complex consists of numerous palaces which once housed the imperial family during the winter months, and also held the offices which were used to administer the state. They now hold museums and collections from the imperial past. There are also grand plazas and pleasant gardens, such as the enchanting Burggarten. 

St. Stephen's Cathedral

Visit this awe-inspiring cathedral which is one of the most important and renowned Gothic buildings in Central Europe.

The cathedral is Vienna’s most famous landmark and dominates the Inner City. Founded in 1147 A.D. and built over hundreds of years, it has elements of both Romanesque and Gothic architecture. You can also climb the (many) steps of the tower for a view.

The Graben

Walk the most famous street in Vienna and see stunning monuments and beautiful architecture.

Vienna’s main street since the Middle Ages, this wide pedestrian boulevard abounds in cafes, smart shops, and atmosphere. There are two fountains and a column (built as thanks for the end of the plague), which are beautiful examples of Baroque architecture. Also hidden on the street is the world's most beautiful public restroom.

Mozarthaus

Get to know Mozart in his former apartment, where he spent his happiest years.

Despite his modern-day association with Salzburg, Mozart's time in Vienna was his most productive and happy. Here you can learn about Mozart and what life was like for him and others in the city at the time. You can listen to musical selections and see original scores and other materials. 

Peterskirche (Church of St. Peter)

Step into this heavenly 18th-century church featuring incredibly ornate baroque art & architecture.

This church from the early 1700's is Vienna’s first domed baroque building. Amazing architectural details are crammed into the small interior, and glass crypts contain the human remains of martyred saints. There are daily organ recitals in the church.

Jewish Museum

Discover Vienna's rich history of Jewish life.

The museum is located in two separate buildings within the Inner City (one ticket covers both). The branch on the Judenplatz showcases medieval Jewish life, including a virtual tour of life in the 14th century. It is fronted by a monumental Holocaust Memorial. The main branch is located on the street Dorotheergasse.  

Rathaus (City Hall)

Get in touch with the local vibe at the Rathausplatz, a huge square in front of the Vienna City Hall.

The 19th-century city hall was built in a fanciful neo-Gothic style with 30 million bricks. It is an important center for social life in the city, hosting balls, concerts, and other events. The square in front of the hall is home to activities all year long, including markets, food fairs, exhibitions, and the city's biggest Christmas Market. 

Natural History Museum

Explore one of the world's most important natural history collections.

The museum is a treasure trove of anthropological and archeological exhibits, including dinosaurs and other extinct animals, precious gems, and more. It also holds the famous pre-historic finds from the Austrian village of Hallstatt, where an ancient salt mine was located.

Kunsthistorisches Museum

Find artistic bliss in this lavish 19th-century museum housing art collections & antiquities.

The Kunsthistorisches Museum, or Art History Museum, is one of the world's most important collections of art. It houses many masterpieces as well as ancient and classical art antiquities. Its amazing interior is worth seeing just on its own merits, and includes an incredible mural painted by Gustav Klimt.

Schönbrunn Zoo

Join local families enjoying one of Europe's best zoos.

With an entrance directly connected to the Schönbrunn palace gardens, visiting the zoo can be a great addition to any trip to the palace. Founded as an imperial menagerie in 1752, it is the oldest continually operated zoo in the world, and today is home to many rare species such as giant pandas.

Schönbrunn Gardens

Get lost in the huge imperial gardens.

The beautiful park is a mix of formal gardens and woodlands, and is dotted with enchanting statues & fountains, including a massive fountain of Neptune. The Gloriette pavilion sits on a rise opposite the palace and commands a wonderful view. Kids will love the labyrinth, racing to find the tower at the center of the maze.

Belvedere Palace

Stroll the Belvedere's gardens, and venture inside the palace for a "Kiss".

Two Baraque palaces are connected by a French-style, three-level garden which features delightful fountains. Originally built as a summer residence of Prince Eugene, it now houses the Belvedere Museum where you will find Gustav Klimt's most famous work - The Kiss.

Karlskirche

Many argue that this baroque church is as beautiful as St. Peter's - see it and decide for yourself.

Built between 1716-1737, Emperor Charles VI intended the church to be a thanksgiving for the end of a plague epidemic and dedicated the church to St. Charles Borromeo, who is revered for his care of plague victims. St. Charles was also his namesake, meaning that the church's name evokes the emperor's memory as much as the saint's, which was no accident. Indeed, the two columns in front of the church are meant to represent imperial power. 

Leopold Museum

Get acquainted with modern art at one of Vienna's most celebrated artistic collections.

The Leopold hosts the most extensive collection of Egon Schiele works in existence, as well as masterpieces from the Secessionist, Modernist, and Expressionist Movements. Museum visitors can also take a break in a chique roof top café. 

MuseumsQuartier

Peruse outstanding art and hang out with the smart crowd.

Once home to the Imperial Stables, the Museumsquartier now hosts several outstanding museums, such as the interactive Zoom Children's Museum. Cafes, bars, and bookstores make this one of Vienna's hippest social scenes. Funky couches and other fun seating arrangements have transformed it into an open-air entertainment district, and on long summer evenings, the sounds of laughter and conversation echo late into the night.

Prague Castle

Prague Castle is one of the main attractions in Prague and is also the largest castle complex in the world.

The Prague Castle is the largest castle complex in the world with structures dating back to the 9th century. The St Vitus Cathedral and Basilica of St George can be found within the castle walls. The Prague Castle also includes several gardens, palaces, and a monastery. This castle was the seat of power for the Kings of Bohemia, Holy Roman Emperors, and presidents of former Czechoslovakia. Prague Castle is a UNESCO world heritage site and is one of the most visited places in the country. 

Charles Bridge

Cross the river dividing Prague's most historic neighborhoods, and experience one of Europe's most iconic landmarks.

Bridge construction began in 1357 under King Charles IV (hence the name), and it was the only bridge across the Vltava River until 1841. 30 baroque statues of saints line the bridge, and it is filled with street artists and entertainers. Not to be missed.

Maltese Square & Lennon Wall

See a historic wall that has been covered in John Lennon-inspired graffiti since Communist days.

The wall has been covered in graffiti since the 1960s, and during Communism anti-regime sentiment was common. John Lennon's assassination inspired grafitti reflecting his song, Imagine, which earned the wall its current moniker. It is now a favorite gathering place for tourists, and musicians sometimes congregate there as well. Just around the corner is the Maltese Square, which is one of Prague's more quaint and relaxed public spaces, despite being just off the main tourist route.

St Vitus Cathedral

Venture into a mesmerizing gothic church which is the resting place of saints, Bohemian kings, and Holy Roman emperors .

Located within the castle walls and acting as a symbol of the Czech nation, St Vitus Cathedral is the country's largest and most prominent church. Although construction on the cathedral began in 1344 it was not completed for another 600 years, although the later construction was faithful to the original medieval design. It even contains stained glass windows from the famed Czech artist Alfons Mucha. Entry to the front nave is free, although the crypts and other parts of the church are paid entry.

Golden Lane

Wander a narrow street of brightly painted and picturesque cottages literally built out from the walls of the castle.

The Golden Lane is a street situated within the castle grounds. Originally built in the 16th century to house Rudolf II's castle guards, it takes its name from the goldsmiths that lived there in the 17th century. Throughout history, it's been occupied by castle guards, goldsmiths, and others, including for a short time Franz Kafka. The houses are now filled by shops. 

Strahov Monastery

Wander just slightly off-the-beaten-path to discover a hilltop medieval monastery with a stucco-paneled theological hall, a vast library, and a baroque church.

Strahov Monastery was founded in 1143 and in 1420, during the Hussite wars, it was attacked and plundered by the citizens of Prague. Luckily, this was before the monastery's prize attraction was built; a magnificent library with a magnificently painted ceiling. The monastery also contains a beautiful Baroque church, and you can find one of Prague's best viewpoints in the vineyards planted near its south entrance. 

Lobkowicz Palace

Take an intimate audio tour of an art-filled palace, which is narrated by its owners.

The Lobkowicz Palace is the only privately owned building in the Prague Castle complex. The excellent museum tells the fascinating tale of the noble family that once resided within it. An audio guide is narrated by actual family members, who tell the back story behind the beautiful art and artifacts their ancestors collected over the centuries, and describe their flight to America after Nazi and Communist political persecution. 

Charles Bridge

Cross the river dividing Prague's most historic neighborhoods, and experience one of Europe's most iconic landmarks.

Bridge construction began in 1357 under King Charles IV (hence the name), and it was the only bridge across the Vltava River until 1841. 30 baroque statues of saints line the bridge, and it is filled with street artists and entertainers. Not to be missed.

Church of St. Nicholas

Stare in wonder at Prague's largest and most beautiful baroque church.

Construction on this elegant and incredibly ornate church began in 1745 and took 100 years and 3 generations of architects to complete. You can also climb the tower for a view.

Wallenstein Garden

Escape to these tranquil 17th-century gardens located behind the walls of the Senate palace.

Open from April to October, these grand late renaissance gardens feature a massive limestone grotto created by artificial stalactites, ornamental pools, & classically-inspired statues. Most tourists miss this hidden gem, as the gardens are reached through inconspicious passageways in Wallenstein Palace, which houses the Czech Senate, and the nearby the Malostranská Metro station.

Maltese Square & Lennon Wall

See a historic wall that has been covered in John Lennon-inspired graffiti since Communist days.

The wall has been covered in graffiti since the 1960s, and during Communism anti-regime sentiment was common. John Lennon's assassination inspired grafitti reflecting his song, Imagine, which earned the wall its current moniker. It is now a favorite gathering place for tourists, and musicians sometimes congregate there as well. Just around the corner is the Maltese Square, which is one of Prague's more quaint and relaxed public spaces, despite being just off the main tourist route.

Infant Jesus of Prague

See the Infant Jesus of Prague, a wax effigy of the baby Jesus credited with many miracles, which attracts visitors from around the world.

The church was completed in 1613 in the Baroque style and houses the 18.5-inch statue. The church is somewhat plain in comparison to most churches in Prague, but visitors come to see the Infant Jesus of Prague (il Bambino di Praga).

Wenceslas Square

Experience a mishmash of interesting architecture on Wenceslas Square, Prague's main commercial center.

The square, which could also be described as a wide boulevard, is named after the Patron Saint of Bohemia, whose statue can be seen at the top of the square. Many historical events have taken place here, including the demonstrations of the Velvet Revolution in 1989, which resulted in the collapse of the Communist regime. Today the square is lined by department stores, hotels, and office buildings, many of them notable architectural highlights of the 19th, 20th, and 21st century.

Municipal House

Tour a breathtaking art nouveau venue and stay for a concert, opera, or ballet.

The stunning concert hall is open for tours and hosts performances on most evenings. The main hall is painted by famous Czech artists including Alfons Mucha. A beautiful cafe and restaurant are also housed in the building, and you can find one of Prague's most ornate pubs in the cellar (the "American Bar").

Dancing House

Stroll down the river to find this curvaceous office block designed by Frank Gehry, and whi msically nicknamed Fred & Ginger.

There is no tour of the interior, so most visitors just snap a photo and head out. However, there is a restaurant and bar at the top called Ginger&Fred. For a spectacular view of the city check out the terrace on the top floor (only for paying customers).

National Theater

Experience nationally-sponsored ballet & opera in a magnificent venue.

This concert hall is Prague's most prestigious, and it is not only a symbol of the 19th century Czech national revival but also arguably one of the most beautiful concert venues in Europe. Unfortunately, tours are not regularly offered, but you may attend an opera or ballet if you purchase tickets in advance. The riverfront near the concert hall is one of the most photographed spots in Prague.

National Museum

Explore an interesting museum collection in a grand building completed in 1891.

The recently renovated and improved National Museum is fronted by the iconic equestrian statue of "good king Wenceslas". Beyond it's dramatic exterior you'll find a grand staircase which is a highlight of any visit. Founded in 1818, the museum played a major role in bringing natural science and history to the common man, and also played an important part in the Czech national revival occurring in the 19th century.

Old Town Square

Make sure to visit one of Europe's most important, historic, and stunning city squares.

The square is filled with rich history and surrounded by many beautiful old buildings, such as the gothic church of Our Lady before Týn and the baroque church of St. Nicholas. At the center of the square is a large statue of Jan Hus, a church reformer burnt at the stake in 1415, and a lovely and recently-restored column topped by the Virgin Mary. Today the square is filled with street performers, food stalls, and horse-drawn carriages. 

Old Town Hall and Astronomical Clock

See Prague's most photographed moment when the late medieval timepiece constructed on the side of the Old Town Hall Tower comes to life at the top of the hour.

Apostles proceed from the tower’s 1410 astronomical clock hourly, flanked by figures representing vanity, greed, death, and pleasure. You can also take an elevator to the top of the Old Town Hall tower for a great view of the Old Town Square and rooftops. Tours of the town hall and its gothic cellars are also offered. 

Church of Our Lady before Týn

Count the spires on the Church of Our Lady Týn before discovering the hidden courtyard behind it.

The 14th-century, Gothic church is a stunning structure with asymmetrical towers (note that the one on the right is slightly larger than the one on the left). It is the dominant feature of Old Town square and serves as an extensive gallery of Gothic, Renaissance and Early Baroque works. The church is the final resting place for the great astronomer Tycho Brahe.

Clementinum

Discover a large historical complex of buildings and courtyards "hidden in plain sight" within the Old Town.

Founded as an abbey in the 11th century and later transformed into a Jesuit university, it is the second largest complex of buildings in Prague after the castle and contains four separate churches. Guided tours begin at 10am, and include an awe-inspiring Baroque library hall and the Astronomical Tower, from which you have a beautiful view of the Old Town.

Old Jewish Cemetery

Take an unforgettable visit to one of Europe's largest medieval Jewish cemeteries.

As the Jewish Ghetto was quite cramped, there was no room to expand the cemetery. Unable to acquire further land, and not wishing to dishonor ancestors through the demolition of existing graves, Prague's Jews buried their loved ones in multiple levels. Gravestones are packed in tightly and in some areas the burials reach 12 layers!

Spanish Synagogue

Discover the synagogue considered by many to be Prague's most beautiful.

Completed in 1868, the Spanish Synagogue is the newest synagogue in Prague's Jewish Quarter, but happens to be built on the site of the former Oldest Synagogue in Prague. It is built in a stunning Spanish Moorish style as a symbol of the flowering of the Jewish culture which occurred under Muslim rule on the Iberian Peninsula.

Old-New Synagogue

See the oldest surviving synagogue in Europe and also one of Prague's earliest Gothic buildings.

When built it was Prague’s newest synagogue, but over time became its oldest – hence the “Old-New”. A beautiful ark holds the Torah and legend says its attic is the hiding place of the legendary clay Golem.

Brick Gate and Casemates

Venture within the fortress's massive 17th-century walls and gates.

A tour through the Brick Gate on the fortress's north side will take you through the narrow underground passageways and casemates of the fortress. You will see a historical exhibit on Vyšehrad as well as the underground Gorlice Hall, where the original statues from the Charles Bridge are stored for safe-keeping (many of the statues on the bridge are copies). 

Vyšehrad Cemetery

Wander in a graveyard where many prominent Czechs are buried, such as famed composers Dvořák & Smětana.

The cemetery is filled with many tombs which are works of art in themselves, including several arcades with beautiful art-nouveau frescoes. The monumental Slavin tomb is a sort of pantheon of the Czech people, with over 55 prominent persons buried within it. Dvořák and Smětana have their own more modest graves.

Fortress Walls Viewpoint

Enjoy stunning city views from atop the fortress walls.

Prague Castle and most of the city can be seen from above the cavernous Gorlice Hall. A walk along the fortress walls is a delightful experience, as you will enjoy numerous excellent vantage points on all sides of the fortress, enjoying Prague from a different perspective without all the crowds.

Petřín Observatory Tower

Ascend the Czech version of the Eiffel Tower for an astounding 360-degree view.

Petřín Observatory Tower is a cast iron observation tower, built in 1891, that resembles the Eiffel Tower in Paris. Although this structure is only 64m tall, because it is built on a hill it is technically higher than the Eiffel Tower. Visitors enjoy a panoramic view of not only the city center, but also the suburbs and countryside surrounding Prague.

Petřín Mirror Labyrinth

Get delightfully lost in a 19th-century, mirrored labyrinth.

This maze of mirrors was created for an 1891 Exhibition, and it was so popular that it is still open today. It is great fun for kids and adults, especially the trick mirrors. There is also a mural showing a battle which took place on the Charles Bridge in 1648. 

Petřín Funicular Railway

Ride an incline railway to the top of the wooded Petřín Hill to discover forest paths and beautiful city views.

This inclined railway takes visitors to the top of Petřín Hill, where they can ascend the Observation Tower or take a walk through the beautiful forest park overlooking Prague. Riders can also get off at the middle station of the railway and visit one of several restaurants overlooking the city.

Old Town-Rail Station Tunnel

Cloth Hall

Take home something special from a vast market hall built in the 14th century, which is surrounded by arcaded passageways and topped with rows of gargoyles.

The covered market continues a centuries-old tradition with an eclectic range of goods of sale – you might be most interested in the amber jewelry or the handicraft items from the Podhale region. On the upper floor, you will find the 19th Century Polish Art Museum which features truly beautiful and under-appreciated artwork that packs a mighty patriotic punch. 

Royal Palace

Stop to admine the beautiful Renaissance-style arcaded courtyard before venturing inside the palace.

Visitors can take a guided tour inside the Royal Private Apartments where they will see several exceptionally beautiful rooms, as well as the magnificent Sigismund Augustus tapestries, which provide an incredibly detailed insight into life in the 1550s. The State Rooms of the palace meanwhile can be visited independently, and also contain some excellent tapestries, as well as carved ceilings, furnishings, and artwork. 

Wawel Cathedral

Experience a visual feast of Polish history and beautiy in the castle's cathedral.

The Wawel Cathedral is perhaps Poland's most important church, as it is here that its Kings were coronated and buried. Indeed a visit to the church provdes a Polish history lesson, as you learn the stories of the kings and queens who are buried there. Even when Poland was wiped off the political map from the late 18th to early 20th centuries, Poles maintained its symbolic significance by interring the remains of its great poets and men of letters beneath the cathedral. 

Lost Wawel

Venture below ground to explore the castle's earliest history.

Lost Wawel could be described as the castle’s hidden find. You descend into the medieval ruins of the castle via an elevated walkway - it is quite an experience. 

Market Square

See Europe's largest medieval town square, which may also be its most beautiful as well.

While all of the Old Town should be explored, there is actually a lot to keep you busy right on the Market Square – a huge expanse of flagstones, ringed by magnificent houses and towering spires. Once you are done at the surface, you can descend below ground to the archealogical escavations of Krakow's early medieval town, in the excellent Rynek Underground museum.

Cloth Hall

Take home something special from a vast market hall built in the 14th century, which is surrounded by arcaded passageways and topped with rows of gargoyles.

The covered market continues a centuries-old tradition with an eclectic range of goods of sale – you might be most interested in the amber jewelry or the handicraft items from the Podhale region. On the upper floor, you will find the 19th Century Polish Art Museum which features truly beautiful and under-appreciated artwork that packs a mighty patriotic punch. 

St. Mary’s Basilica

Escape to the quiet wonder of this magnificently beautiful and colorful church.

The 600-year-old basilica was built from red brick and stone, creating a striking appearance both in its exterior and interior. Venturing inside is a must to see the magnificent high altar carved by Veit Stoss, the greatest carver of the Gothic Age. The best view in the square can be earned with a gut-busting climb to the top of the church's Bugle Tower. It is from here that a lone trumpeter plays a sombre call four times on the hour, halting abruptly each time to commerate the watchman who warned the citizens of an attack before being shot through the throat with an arrow. 

Floriańska Street

Walk the same route once used by the Kings of Poland to enter Krakow.

Of all the historic streets leading off of the main square, Floriańska Street is the busiest and most striking. Filled with shops, restaurants, pubs, and museums, there is much to attract your attention besides the centuries-old architecture and brightly-painted facades. At the end of the street you will reach a small remaining stretch of the medieval walls, and pass through a 14th-century tower still guarding the town entrance.

Czartoryski Museum

See one of of Leonardo da Vinci's most famous works up close and in person.

The museum includes the treasures of one of Poland's most powerful noble families. It features a small but beautifully presented ancient art collection centered on a group of Etruscan coffins and richly decorated Egyptian sarcophagi. But the star attractions are to be found in the picture galleries, including Rembrandt’s "Landscape with the Good Samaritan" and Leonardo da Vinci’s "Lady with an Ermine". It's a totally different experience than fighting the crowds to catch a peak of the Mona Lisa.

Jagiellonian University

Educate yourself on Krakow's rich academic traditions at Poland's oldest university.

Founded in 1364, Jagiellonian University has attracted scholars and students from across Europe, including the astronomer Copernicus. The medieval heart of the university, the Collegium Maius, is open for visitors. Its tranquil arcaded courtyard is one of the most magical spots in Krakow, and the mechanical clock on the south wall is accompanied five times a day (9am, 11am, 1pm, 3pm and 5pm) by a procession of carved wooden figures. Meanwhile, the University museum allows you to experience the university as Copernicus did.

Podgórze

Wander the streets of the former Jewish Ghetto.

Podgórze is the neighborhood where the Krakow Jewish Ghetto was located. At the beginning of the war, only about 3,000 people lived in the district, but over 15,000 Jews were forcibly moved there and surrounded by tall walls and guarded gates. In 1942-3 the ghetto was "liquidated", with residents sent to either labor camps or extermination camps, or simply murdered in the streets. A couple small sections of the wall and a memorial of empty chairs (each chair representing a 1,000 victims) on the ghetto square are among the very few remaining physical reminders of the ghetto. On the corner of the square, you can also visit the small museum of the Apteka pod Orlem (Pharmacy under the Eagle), which was the only pharmacy allowed to operate in the ghetto. The Polish Catholic owner requested permission to operate within the ghetto and provided medical supplies to residents, often for free. Both he and Oscar Schindler were honored by Israel as "Righteous Among the Nations".

Szeroka

Visit the historic street that was the center of Kazimierz's Jewish community.

This wide street (Szeroka actually means wide) acted as a sort of square and marketplace for the community. While today well-maintained buildings line it, in the 19th century it would have been better described as "bustling" than "quaint". You can find all the major Jewish heritage sites nearby, including Krakow's oldest synagoague, the fortress-like Old Synagogue, which sits on the southern end of the street. Today it houses a museum of Jewish heritage.

Tempel Synagogue

Enjoy the splendor of this 19th-century synagogue with an opulate Moorish interior.

Unlike the older synagogues, which sometimes appeared more like fortresses than places of worship, the Tempel Synagogue is an architectural gem that represents a period of new-found confidence and comfort within the surrounding society. It proclaimed Jewish integration into modern society, while also representing its continued faith.

Old Jewish Cemetery (Remuh Cemetery)

Pass through the gates of the Remuh synagogue to find Krakow's most historic cemetery.

The Old Jewish Cemetery contains the graves of many famous Polish Jews, who were buried there from the 1500 to 1800's. The cemetery was largely destroyed by the Nazis, but many of the tombstones have been returned to the site. The entrance is hidden just off of Szeroka Street. Look for the gate across from the green space at the north end of the square. Once inside the courtyard, look for an entrance door on the wall to the right. 

Plac Nowy

Hit the spot with a tasty "zapiekanka" before exploring Kazimierz's nightlife.

Once the main square and kosher marketplace of the Jewish community, Plac Nowy's roundhouse of former butcher stands is now occupied by stands selling a special Krakow delicacy known as zapiekanka. Consisting of a toasted piece of baguette loaded with cheese and other toppings of your choosing, no trip to Krakow is complete without trying one. It's a good place to start exploring the nightlife of Kazimierz, Krakow’s youngest and coolest district. You will discover a lively scene on almost any evening.

Corpus Christi Basilica

Venture off the beaten path to discover one of Krakow's most impressive churches.

Kazimierz has always possessed a Christian population as well, and some of Krakow’s prettiest churches are located there, such as the breathtaking Corpus Christi Basilica, with its gothic architecture and soaring baroque altars. Just a few steps from the church you'll find Kazimierz’s largest square, the plac Wolnica. Its neo-Renaissance town hall contains one of the city’s best-hidden finds – the Ethnographic Museum. You will find recreations of life in the Polish countryside, with recreated cottage interiors, school rooms, farming implements, painted eggs, costumes, and much more. 

Old Town Market Square

See for yourself just how well the magic of Old Warsaw was reconstructed in the Market Square.

Dating back to the 1200's the square is the oldest part of the city, and for most of the Warsaw's history, it was the very heart of the town as well. Originally surrounded by Gothic style buildings, over time they were reconstructed in the Renaissance and Baroque styles you see today. There's a gurgling fountain in the middle of the square overseen by a statue of the Warsaw Mermaid (Syrena), the city's symbol. You can also often see the square "keeper" wandering the precinct - a man in traditional dress, consisting of a red suit and a curved sword. Today it is lined by cafes, filled with tourists, and seems just as picture-postcard pretty as the other great city squares of Europe. But in some respects it is an illusion. The buildings of the original market square were systematically blown up by the Germans during the Warsaw Rising and painstaking rebulit after the war, with the exteriors exactly matching pre-uprising photos. The photos were taken with just this end in mind, as the Poles knew what was in store for them once the fighting began. It is one of the most remarkable bits of postwar reconstruction anywhere in Europe and truly deserves its UNESCO status. 

Warsaw's Royal Castle

Tour the impressive Royal Castle for an entertaining crash course in Warsaw and Polish history.

Like everything else in central Warsaw, the Royal Castle was heavily damaged during the German bombing campaign that sparked WWII in September 1939 and was then completely and literally reduced to smoldering dust in 1944 in revenge for the failed Warsaw Uprising. What you see today is a carbon copy built in the 1970s when the Communist authorities became desperate to position themselves as 'socialist patriots' following decades of delay in the building schedule. Opened to the public in 1984, the Castle today is filled with period furniture and works of art. Highlights of the castle tour include the Great Apartment and its magnificent Great Assembly Hall, which has been restored to its 18th-century decor of dazzling gilded stucco and golden columns. The neighboring National Hall was conceived as a national pantheon; the six huge canvases (surviving originals) depict pivotal scenes from Polish history. Further on from the National Hall is the lavishly decorated Throne Room. Connected by a short corridor is the King’s Apartment, the highlight of which is the Canaletto Room at the far end. An impressive array of 23 paintings by Bernardo Bellotto, better known in Poland as Canaletto, captures Warsaw's mid-18th-century heyday in great detail. The works were of immense help in reconstructing the city’s historic facades. 

Barbakan & Old Town Walls

Take a pleasant walk in the former moat beneath the old city walls.

A long red brick section of the old city walls rings the Old Town. The split-level fortifications, ramparts, and rebuilt watchtowers stand alongside a grassy, apple-tree lined moat, where a path runs beneath the outer walls. If you follow the walls along this path, known as Podwale, you may see fresh flowers laid on the ground which mark the places where the Nazis carried out wartime executions. The 16th-century Barbakan, a large fortified gate standing in the middle of the moat, is the most impressive part of the old city's fortifications. Beyond the first line of walls, you'll also discover a wide cobblestoned lane that runs between the first and second line of fortifications.

New Town Market Square

Be sure to wander just a bit outside the old city walls to this delightful tree-lined square.

Often missed by visitors who stick within the Old Town, Warsaw's New Town lies just to the north of the Old Town, starting just after the Barbakan. It is actually not so "new" since it dates back to the 15th century, and is well worth visiting, especially since it has all of the atmosphere of the Old Town without as many crowds. You'll discover the birhplace of Marie Curie, several historic churches, as well as numerous cafes, restaurants, and shops. The highlight is the New Town Square. This very tranquil and relaxing setting is one of the most lovely public settings in Warsaw. It's the perfect place to stop for refreshments surrounded by elegantly reconstructed 18th century facades. 

Little Insurgent

Take a moment at this poignant memorial to the child soldiers of the Warsaw Rising.

Little Insurgent (Mały Powstaniec), is a bronze figure of a small boy with an oversized helmet carrying a machine gun. It commemorates the many children killed fighting in the Warsaw Rising. When the Warsaw Rising was launched against the Nazi occupiers, the situation quickly became desperate. Children were used to ferry messages and supplies between the fighters. Some of the German forces sent to crush the rebellion were units specifically chosen for their reputations for cruelty, such as the Dirlewanger Brigade, a unit composed of violent convicted criminals. The German forces, who already used civilians as human shields and conducted mass executions of the population, had no compunction about killing these unfortunate child soldiers. This is perhaps Warsaw's most honored monument to the uprising, as it evokes both pathos and admiration for the incredible bravery against impossible odds.

Church of the Visitation & the Marie Curie Monument

See one of Warsaw's oldest churches as well as a statue honoring Marie Curie.

The Church of the Visitation of the Blessed Virgin Mary is a brick Gothic church built in the 15th century. Consecrated in 1411, it is one of the oldest churches in Warsaw and one of the few surviving Gothic structures left in the city. Largely destroyed by German forces during the war, it was rebuilt after the war. The square in front of the church sometimes hosts impromptu concerts and performances. Behind the church, just outside its gate, you'll discover a wonderful statue of Marie Curie staring across the Vistula River. The renowned scientist and native of Warsaw discovered radium and polonium, and made a incalcuable contribution to the treatment of cancer. 

Chmielna & Nowy Świat Streets

Hang out with locals in one of Warsaw's best areas for cafes and nightlife.

Chmielna street is a partially pedestrianized street with a great selection of eateries and hostelries. You'll also find restaurants and hangouts in some of the nearby streets, as well as the courtyards and alleyways on either side of Chmielna street.   At the end of Chmielna, you will meet up with Nowy Świat St, which is part of the old Royal Way and was once the favorite place of Polish intellectuals and artists. These days Nowy Świat is a popular student haunt, given that the central campus of Warsaw University is just up the street. This part of Nowy Świat becomes pedestrianised at the weekend and hence becomes party central on Saturday nights.

Warsaw Mermaid

Warsaw Mermaid (Warszawska Syrenka) is the official symbol of Warsaw.

On the square, Syrenka appeared in the 19th century. According to the legend, she is the sister of Copenhagen Mermaid.

Warsaw's Royal Castle

Tour the impressive Royal Castle for an entertaining crash course in Warsaw and Polish history.

Like everything else in central Warsaw, the Royal Castle was heavily damaged during the German bombing campaign that sparked WWII in September 1939 and was then completely and literally reduced to smoldering dust in 1944 in revenge for the failed Warsaw Uprising. What you see today is a carbon copy built in the 1970s when the Communist authorities became desperate to position themselves as 'socialist patriots' following decades of delay in the building schedule. Opened to the public in 1984, the Castle today is filled with period furniture and works of art. Highlights of the castle tour include the Great Apartment and its magnificent Great Assembly Hall, which has been restored to its 18th-century decor of dazzling gilded stucco and golden columns. The neighboring National Hall was conceived as a national pantheon; the six huge canvases (surviving originals) depict pivotal scenes from Polish history. Further on from the National Hall is the lavishly decorated Throne Room. Connected by a short corridor is the King’s Apartment, the highlight of which is the Canaletto Room at the far end. An impressive array of 23 paintings by Bernardo Bellotto, better known in Poland as Canaletto, captures Warsaw's mid-18th-century heyday in great detail. The works were of immense help in reconstructing the city’s historic facades. 

Chopin Museum

Take an interactive voyage into the life and music of Poland's greatest composer.

Music lovers will not want to miss the Chopin Museum housed in the 17th century Ostrogskich Palace on Okólnik Street. The exhibits cover the life and work of the great Polish composer in significant detail, including many interactive displays. The sound booths in the basement area are particularly good, as you can listen to the music and learn the backstory of each piece. There's also a good souvenir shop in the neighboring building, and if you are lucky, there will even be a live concert or rehearsal in the museum during your visit.

Presidential Palace

Watch the changing of the guards at Warsaw's Presidential Palace.

Originally built in 1643 as an aristocratic mansion, this palace is now the official residence of the Polish president, but it has a long history of hosting important events. In 1791, it hosted the drafters of Poland's original constitution, which was also Europe's first constitution. It's also where the Warsaw Pact was signed in 1955 and the 'Round Table' talks between the Communist government and the Solidarity-led opposition took place in 1989.  In 1995, the Palace gained a new tenant in the person of Lech Wałęsa, signalling its new status as Presidential Palace. You'll see plaques and flowers out front marking the death of President Lech Kaczyński in 2010 in a plane crash in Russian Smolensk. If you stick around you'll be treated to a rather intricate changing of the guard featuring spik and span representatives from all three military services led by officers in their highly distinctive Rogatywka - the asymmetrical, peaked, four-pointed cap used by the Polish military throughout the ages. The changing of the guard takes place on the hour from midday to 5 pm on weekdays, with the most impressive change at midday.

University Library and Roof Garden

Take a roof-top stroll above the university library to experience a unique garden and great views.

Those interested in modern architecture and/or modern gardening will want to see the very ecologically friendly university library and one of the biggest roof gardens in Europe. The garden is nestled within lunar architecture with beautiful views of the center of Warsaw, the Vistula and of Praga – the district on the other side of the river. The garden is intersected with bridges and pathways that make it a pleasure to explore. Access to the roof is via the lower garden on the left side of the building when facing the river. 

Copernicus Science Centre

Keep the whole family entertained at this innovative and hands-on science museum.

The Copernicus Science Centre and Planetarium are located directly on the banks of the Vistula river. It has great hands-on science exhibits for young and old alike. With over 450 different exhibits, you can carry out experiments and discover the laws of science in a fun and interactive way.

University of Warsaw

Relax for a little while in the idyllic green campus of the University of Warsaw.

Pass through the University's main gates on the Royal Way, and you can relax within a leafy sanctuary away from the hustle and bustle of the city and discover the 17th-century Kazimierzowski Palace that is now home to the Rector's Office. Unlike many European universities, whose buildings are often scattered throughout hte city in seemingly random fashion, you'll find that this university area very much resembles an American university campus.

Palace of Culture

This neo-Baroque leviathan was a 'gift' from the Soviets to the Polish people, and not one that could be refused.

Known to the locals as "the Russian cake", the building evokes intense emotions among Varsovians. Some maintain that the best views of Warsaw are from the Palace's top floor - the only viewpoint from which one can't see the building at all - while others are willing to grant it a sinister kind of elegance, especially when compared to the glass skyscrapers that have sprouted up nearby. Whatever your sense of aesthetics, there's no doubting that the Palace and the newer high-rise buildings around it provide an attractive view when lit up in the evening.