A Rennaissance Frame of Mind: 7 Days in Florence and the Tuscan Countryside

See how the master architect Brunelleschi planned and built the cathedral, as well as many sculptural masterpieces.

The museum contains the largest concentration of Florentine sculpture in the world, including medieval and Renaissance works in marble, bronze, and silver by the leading artists of the era. Most of the masterpieces on display were designed to adorn the religious monuments that still stand on the Piazza del Duomo. You'll find a number of sculptures by Donatello, a forerunner of Michelangelo, as well as a mock-up of Brunelleschi's building site, complete with broken bricks, wooden scaffolding and some of the tools that were used to build the dome. Plus there are displays of various proposals for completing parts of the dome, as well as the original wooden model of the cathedral lantern presumably made by Brunelleschi himself.

Discover these hidden-in-plain-sight gems and learn about a noble organization which has done much to alleviate the suffering of Florence's population over the centuries.

The Loggia del Bigallo is a small museum in a medieval building. It is home to several jewels of Florentine Gothic painting. It was built in the 1350s for the Compagnia della Misericordia (the Company of Mercy), a religious charitable organization founded in 1244 to aid the sick and bury the dead. It still exists today and you can see their ambulances parked just across the street at the Museo della Misericordia, which was originally an orphanage. The building was commissioned as a place to display abandoned babies in the hope they might be recognized before being given to foster parents. Today it houses a small museum which tells the history of the charity.

Stand before the "Gate of Paradise".

The Baptistery of San Giovanni (St. John) is one of the most ancient churches in Florence, sitting opposite the Duomo. It is the most conspicuous illustration of the special relationship between Florence and ancient Rome, as the Florentines believe the Baptistery is actually a converted Roman temple to Mars. The granite columns inside were probably taken from the city's old Roman Capitol. But it's the doors to the Baptistery which are the primary attraction. They took 27 years to complete and were so beautiful that they became known as the "Gate of Paradise".

Piazza del Duomo

Discover the medieval marvel of the Duomo, Santa Maria del Fiore, with its iconic dome offering panoramic views of Florence. Founded in 1296, it aimed to be the world's largest church, showcasing unmatched Renaissance grandeur in Piazza del Duomo. While entry to the Duomo is free, dome access requires a reservation. Consider a Firenze Card for easy access to other sites.

Climb 414 steps to the top of Italy's most famous bell tower.

The campanile, or bell tower, is at 278ft/84.7m tall and approximately 49ft/15m in breadth the most eloquent example of 14th century Gothic architecture in Florence. Clad in white, red and green marble like the cathedral directly adjacent to it, the majestic square bell tower is considered to be the most beautiful campanile in Italy. There are 414 steps to climb and no elevator available.

See how the master architect Brunelleschi planned and built the cathedral, as well as many sculptural masterpieces.

The museum contains the largest concentration of Florentine sculpture in the world, including medieval and Renaissance works in marble, bronze, and silver by the leading artists of the era. Most of the masterpieces on display were designed to adorn the religious monuments that still stand on the Piazza del Duomo. You'll find a number of sculptures by Donatello, a forerunner of Michelangelo, as well as a mock-up of Brunelleschi's building site, complete with broken bricks, wooden scaffolding and some of the tools that were used to build the dome. Plus there are displays of various proposals for completing parts of the dome, as well as the original wooden model of the cathedral lantern presumably made by Brunelleschi himself.

Uffizi Gallery

As the capital of the Renaissance, it's only fitting that Florence should also host Italy's greatest art gallery at the Uffizi. It's understandably busy throughout the year, but it's nevertheless worth the crowds to see to see some of the most sumptuous masterpieces of Renaissance art, including Botticelli's Primavera and Venus, and works by Michelangelo and Da Vinci. If you're planning to visit other galleries and museums in Florence, then it's definitely worth investing in a Firenze Card, which gives you free entry and priority access to 72 venues in the city. At a minimum, you should book ahead for the Uffizi to avoid very long queues.

Uffizi Gallery

As the capital of the Renaissance, it's only fitting that Florence should also host Italy's greatest art gallery at the Uffizi. It's understandably busy throughout the year, but it's nevertheless worth the crowds to see to see some of the most sumptuous masterpieces of Renaissance art, including Botticelli's Primavera and Venus, and works by Michelangelo and Da Vinci. If you're planning to visit other galleries and museums in Florence, then it's definitely worth investing in a Firenze Card, which gives you free entry and priority access to 72 venues in the city. At a minimum, you should book ahead for the Uffizi to avoid very long queues.

Uffizi Gallery

As the capital of the Renaissance, it's only fitting that Florence should also host Italy's greatest art gallery at the Uffizi. It's understandably busy throughout the year, but it's nevertheless worth the crowds to see to see some of the most sumptuous masterpieces of Renaissance art, including Botticelli's Primavera and Venus, and works by Michelangelo and Da Vinci. If you're planning to visit other galleries and museums in Florence, then it's definitely worth investing in a Firenze Card, which gives you free entry and priority access to 72 venues in the city. At a minimum, you should book ahead for the Uffizi to avoid very long queues.

Uffizi Gallery

As the capital of the Renaissance, it's only fitting that Florence should also host Italy's greatest art gallery at the Uffizi. It's understandably busy throughout the year, but it's nevertheless worth the crowds to see to see some of the most sumptuous masterpieces of Renaissance art, including Botticelli's Primavera and Venus, and works by Michelangelo and Da Vinci. If you're planning to visit other galleries and museums in Florence, then it's definitely worth investing in a Firenze Card, which gives you free entry and priority access to 72 venues in the city. At a minimum, you should book ahead for the Uffizi to avoid very long queues.

Make your way into the courtyard of this brick palace built in the 13th century and enter the Museo Civico, where you will marvel at the beautiful murals which adorn the interiors.

Dominating the Piazza del Campo, this 13th century palace and tower was built as a symbol of the independence and wealth of Siena by the Government of Nine (Governo dei Nove) - nine representatives of the people elected by the merchant class, not noble families. Looking at its façade from the Piazza del Campo, it's possible to immediately see its different periods of construction: on the lower level of the three-mullioned (triple-arched) windows the stone that was used and then later brick. The 400 steps to the top of the palace tower is no easy feat even for the fittest of travelers, but the view over the city and Piazza del Campo below make the narrow ascent worth it. Inside the palace courtyard you will find the entrance to the Museo Civico, a treasure trove of magnificent works of art which can be seen inside the palace. One of the most beautiful rooms in the palace is the Sala dei Nove, the Hall of the Nine, with the Allegories of Good and Bad Government by Ambrogio Lorenzetti where you can see the medieval city with its workshops and artisans.

Make time to visit this gallery holding precious art and history from the Gothic era, when Siena's power and influence peaked.

This is the main state art museum of the city and includes a rich collection of masterpieces from the famous Sienese school of artists, which created mainly large, majestic altarpieces with golden decorations. The "gold" background paintings include a piece by Master of Tressa which marks the beginning of the golden age of Sienese painting.

Experience a riot of the senses as you walk into one of Tuscany's most colorful and remarkable cathedrals.

Siena's Duomo is a fabulous conglomeration of Romanesque and Gothic architecture, delineated by encircling bands of black and white marble. It is the earliest of all the great Tuscan cathedrals, having been mostly completed by 1263. Before you enter, take a moment to admire the marble facade and its remarkable statuary. Once inside, you can invest in the audio guide to get the most out of a visit. The standout artistic treasure is the pulpit with columns resting on the backs of alternating lions and lionesses. The Piccolomini Library was added on to the cathedral in 1495 by the future Pope Pius III, and is one of the loveliest rooms in all Italy thanks to its cycle of crystal-sharp, brilliantly colorful frescoes.

Siena Excursion

For beauty and interest in Tuscany, only Siena comes close to Florence. Only an hour-and-a-half from Florence by train, it makes for a perfect day trip. The mesmerising brick-built medieval town with its narrow streets winding down into the valleys below was once a great regional power which rivaled Florence, and famously defeated the larger town in the legendary Battle of Montaperti. Its main square, the Campo, is one of the most satisfying urban spaces ever built, playing host to the annual Palio horse race in which each of the town's 17 contrade (i.e. city districts) participate. The traffic-free streets have been wonderfully preserved and its great Gothic buildings still exhibit the artistic masterpieces of the Sienese school of painting commissioned for them during the town's heyday in the 14th century.

Stop and linger in one of the more glorious and satisfying urban spaces ever built.

With its remarkable fan shape and gentle slope, the Piazza del Campo is one of the more memorable and unique public squares in Europe. It has been heart of Siena since the mid-12th century when it was built on the site of a Roman marketplace. Cafes line the square offering coffee and aperitivo for the young and old alike who relax and take in the scene. The piazza is made doubly famous by the fact that it hosts the annual Palio horse race, a hotly-contested event which splits the city into competing factions.

Make your way into the courtyard of this brick palace built in the 13th century and enter the Museo Civico, where you will marvel at the beautiful murals which adorn the interiors.

Dominating the Piazza del Campo, this 13th century palace and tower was built as a symbol of the independence and wealth of Siena by the Government of Nine (Governo dei Nove) - nine representatives of the people elected by the merchant class, not noble families. Looking at its façade from the Piazza del Campo, it's possible to immediately see its different periods of construction: on the lower level of the three-mullioned (triple-arched) windows the stone that was used and then later brick. The 400 steps to the top of the palace tower is no easy feat even for the fittest of travelers, but the view over the city and Piazza del Campo below make the narrow ascent worth it. Inside the palace courtyard you will find the entrance to the Museo Civico, a treasure trove of magnificent works of art which can be seen inside the palace. One of the most beautiful rooms in the palace is the Sala dei Nove, the Hall of the Nine, with the Allegories of Good and Bad Government by Ambrogio Lorenzetti where you can see the medieval city with its workshops and artisans.

Stand beneath the magnificent 14th century frescoes, still intensely radiant six centuries after they were first painted.

Dating back to the 13th century, a fire in the 18th century practically destroyed the church, but spared its magnificent Renaissance frescoes in the Brancacci Chapel – a treasure trove of paintings from the 1400's by Masolino da Panicale, Masaccio, and Filippino Lippi. After years of accumulated candle soot and mold, the frescoes which have been fully restored and have an intense radiance, making it possible to see very clearly the shifts in emphasis between the artists' work. The Brancacci Chapel entrance is to the right of the main church entrance. Only 30 people can visit at a time.

Look down upon Florence from amidst the rose bushes.

The Giardino delle Rose (Rose Garden) and the nearby Giardino dell'Iris (Iris Garden) are two free public gardens on either side of Piazzale Michelangelo. They are perfect for flower-lovers or anyone who wants to wander in a peaceful green space, free from the nearby crowds. You'll even find a Japanese garden and sculptures by the artist Folon.

Wander beneath the wisteria whilst gazing down upon the roofs of Florence.

Less crowded than the nearby Boboli Gardens, the Bardini Villa is a splendid Italianate Garden which enjoys panoramic views of the city. Wisteria covered pergola allow visitors to walk through tunnels of green while enjoying romantic views of the city and surroundings. Within the 17th century villa itself, you will find artworks by the painter Pietro Annigoni.

Oltrarno

Meaning literally "the other side of the Arno", Oltrarno is often the forgotten side of Florence, with tourists generally more focused on central Florence, but sometimes it's also worth venturing off the tourist trail! Oltrarno is one of Florence's most popular and trendiest neighborhoods and offers visitors a trove of cultural treasures. Just a short walk from the Ponte Vecchio brings you to the heart of this thriving neighborhood which is host to beautiful gardens and artistic churches. You'll also find the most famous viewpoint in the city - Piazzale Michelangelo.

Create an unforgettable memory and see Florence from above.

No matter what time of day or weather, you will find that Piazzale Michelangelo truly offers a stupendous lookout over Florence. Not just a perfect photo opportunity, but a moment of wonder. You are looking at the city that gave birth to incredible artists, amazing scientists and an enthralling history of discovery and power that has filled novels and movie theaters. Many mistakenly believe that this piazza has existed since the birth of Florence or that it was designed by Michelangelo. Actually, it is a rather recent addition to the list of great monuments in Florence, created in 1869 by Florentine architect Giuseppe Poggi, as part of a major restructuring of the city walls in 1869. In 1873, a copy of Michelangelo's David was taken to the square with the help of nine pairs of oxen. This monument occupies a privileged position, observing the city from above as a guard attentive to all the beauties that the city of Florence offers.

Visit a Renaissance church where Michelango once found refuge.

Usually referred to simply as Santo Spirito, this unassuming basilica is one of the main examples of early Renaissance architecture in Florence. Compared to other churches found on the north side of the river, the Basilica di Santo Spirito is very often ignored by tourists, despite offering some serious history and a wonderful interior. Notable pieces of artwork inside the church include its thirty-eight altars, almost all with painted altarpieces. The best have been cleaned and are almost all in the transept and behind the Baldacchino, this being where the most prestigious local families could afford to have chapels. Michelangelo found refuge in the convent of Santo Spirito in 1492 at the age of seventeen and it was within the walls of the convent that the curious artist had the opportunity to analyze corpses from the adjoining hospital to study the anatomy of the human body. As a form of thank-you, Michelangelo carved a highly realistic wooden crucifix which can now be found within the sacristy to the left as you enter the church.

Visit one of the oldest university buildings in the world and admire its incredible library.

Bologna's University is amongst one of the oldest in the world. The Archiginnasio (Greek for “first school”), was built in 1563 and was once the ancient seat of the University of Bologna, established as a school of Law and Arts. It houses one of the most incredible libraries in Italy, containing over one million pieces. Its anatomical theatre is by far the highlight, a place where corpses were dissected for the first scientific studies of the human body.

Climb to the top of the Asinelli Tower for great vistas over the city of Bologna below.

Symbols of the city and its most popular and notable landmarks, the two towers (Due Torri) are sat in the heart of the city. They were built during the Middle Ages as noble and wealthy families competed against each other for dominance over Bologna's politics, a competition that often become violent. There was once 180 towers, but these are the only two that remain. At 319 feet (97m), The Torre degli Asinelli is the tallest leaning medieval tower in the world and the only one open to the public. Ascend the 498 steps for a panoramic view of the city.

Bologna Excursion

Located only a short train ride away, this off-the-tourist-radar city is one of Italy's best surprises. Apart from being the source of the inexpensive deli meat and the spaghetti dish, Bologna is probably best known as the home of the oldest university in the world. Its historic center contains two medieval towers that lean similarly to the tower in Pisa, one of which is still accessible and provides amazing views of the city. The main basilica, old town hall and other structures around the old town are equally awe-inspiring. The city is also rightly famous for its over 25 miles (40km) of covered walkways, which serve as the open-air salons of the city. That includes the longest portico in the world. At nearly 4 kilometers (2.5m) in length and with 666 arches, the Portico di San Luca leads up to the Sanctuary of the Madonna of San Luca, where you can enjoy another great view of the city, as well as of the surrounding countryside.

Admire this monumental restored marble & bronze fountain in the heart of Piazza del Nettuno.

Commissioned by Pope Pius IV, the Fountain of Neptune is one of Bologna's most famous landmarks and a popular meeting point. He was originally destined for the larger Piazza Maggiore but instead, he sits proudly on the Piazza del Nettuno as a symbol of the city. Standing at almost thirteen feet (4m) high and weighing in at nearly 5000 lbs (2,200 kg), the fountain is hard to miss.

Cooking Class

Tuscany is blessed with the perfect climate and location for food, producing a diverse bounty of fresh fruits and vegetables, wild game, beef & pork, and seafood. In fact, when you consider the quality of ingredients produced here, you understand why Tuscan cooking is not just about recipes, but about bringing out the best of the ingredients. Even within Italy, Tuscany is renowned for its cuisine. Taking a cooking class can introduce you to the magic, teaching you how to make traditional Tuscan starters, pastas, main courses, and deserts.

Cooking Class

Tuscany is blessed with the perfect climate and location for food, producing a diverse bounty of fresh fruits and vegetables, wild game, beef & pork, and seafood. In fact, when you consider the quality of ingredients produced here, you understand why Tuscan cooking is not just about recipes, but about bringing out the best of the ingredients. Even within Italy, Tuscany is renowned for its cuisine. Taking a cooking class can introduce you to the magic, teaching you how to make traditional Tuscan starters, pastas, main courses, and deserts.

Cooking Class

Tuscany is blessed with the perfect climate and location for food, producing a diverse bounty of fresh fruits and vegetables, wild game, beef & pork, and seafood. In fact, when you consider the quality of ingredients produced here, you understand why Tuscan cooking is not just about recipes, but about bringing out the best of the ingredients. Even within Italy, Tuscany is renowned for its cuisine. Taking a cooking class can introduce you to the magic, teaching you how to make traditional Tuscan starters, pastas, main courses, and deserts.

Cooking Class

Tuscany is blessed with the perfect climate and location for food, producing a diverse bounty of fresh fruits and vegetables, wild game, beef & pork, and seafood. In fact, when you consider the quality of ingredients produced here, you understand why Tuscan cooking is not just about recipes, but about bringing out the best of the ingredients. Even within Italy, Tuscany is renowned for its cuisine. Taking a cooking class can introduce you to the magic, teaching you how to make traditional Tuscan starters, pastas, main courses, and deserts.

San Marco Museum

The devil, they say, is in the details, but so are the better angels.  Case in point, the faces of Fra Angelico's cherubs and saints (and sinners) at his former friary, the Museum of San Marco.  An inspiration to the later giants of the Renaissance, Fra Angelico mastered light and human expression. Every character in his paintings is unique, and they express their joy, sorrow, or wonder uniquely.  Even with the overwhelming number of masterpieces in Florence, a visit to San Marco merits a visit; the gentleness of Fra Angelico's work will bring you gentle down to earth, even as it lifts your heart.

Painting as an Act of Love: Fra Angelico in the San Marco Friary

The crowds thin out slightly beyond the Galleria dell'Accademia, and not far beyond it rests the superlative frescos of Fra Angelico, in the Museum of San Marco.  Tender, but never saccharin, gentle, but never sentimental, his paintings grace the walls of this former friary and expose another side of the Renaissance. Fra Angelico's subjects are always treated respectfully, and the breadth of facial expressions is remarkable, if subtle. With a peaceful atmosphere, and a lesser amount of people, this museum might provide the most intimate experience you will find with Renaissance masterpieces in Florence.

San Marco Museum

The devil, they say, is in the details, but so are the better angels.  Case in point, the faces of Fra Angelico's cherubs and saints (and sinners) at his former friary, the Museum of San Marco.  An inspiration to the later giants of the Renaissance, Fra Angelico mastered light and human expression. Every character in his paintings is unique, and they express their joy, sorrow, or wonder uniquely.  Even with the overwhelming number of masterpieces in Florence, a visit to San Marco merits a visit; the gentleness of Fra Angelico's work will bring you gentle down to earth, even as it lifts your heart.

Painting as an Act of Love: Fra Angelico in the San Marco Friary

The crowds thin out slightly beyond the Galleria dell'Accademia, and not far beyond it rests the superlative frescos of Fra Angelico, in the Museum of San Marco.  Tender, but never saccharin, gentle, but never sentimental, his paintings grace the walls of this former friary and expose another side of the Renaissance. Fra Angelico's subjects are always treated respectfully, and the breadth of facial expressions is remarkable, if subtle. With a peaceful atmosphere, and a lesser amount of people, this museum might provide the most intimate experience you will find with Renaissance masterpieces in Florence.